Evaluation of the Spatiotemporal Evolution of China’s Ecological Spatial Network Function–Structure and Its Pattern Optimization

(1) Background: Eco−spatial networks play an important role in enhancing ecosystem services and landscape connectivity. It is necessary to study structure optimization achieve synergistic gains network connectivity functionality. (2) Method: Based on remote sensing data, RS GIS were used evaluate the spatiotemporal changes China. Combined with complex theory, evolution of China’s ecological spatial its topological from 2005 2020 discussed. Network function–structure co−optimization was carried out using edge augmentation strategy. (3) Result: The “three River resource” has high water conservation soil southeastern hilly areas. There strong windbreak sand fixation Inner Mongolia. In past 15 years, there have been about 8200 sources 14,000 corridors. characteristics small−world heterogeneity. After optimization, 18 3180 corridors are added, robustness stronger. Finally, five regions divided according heterogeneity corresponding protection management countermeasures proposed provide scientific guidance for country’s territorial space planning.